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Compare Monaco (2006) - Spratly Islands (2001)

Compare Monaco (2006) z Spratly Islands (2001)

 Monaco (2006)Spratly Islands (2001)
 MonacoSpratly Islands
Administrative divisions none; there are no first-order administrative divisions as defined by the US Government, but there are four quarters (quartiers, singular - quartier); Fontvieille, La Condamine, Monaco-Ville, Monte-Carlo -
Age structure 0-14 years: 15.2% (male 2,539/female 2,417)


15-64 years: 62.1% (male 9,959/female 10,266)


65 years and over: 22.6% (male 3,015/female 4,347) (2006 est.)		 -
Agriculture - products none -
Airports - 4 (2000 est.)
Airports - with paved runways - total:
1

914 to 1,523 m:
1 (2000 est.)
Airports - with unpaved runways - total:
3

914 to 1,523 m:
1

under 914 m:
2 (2000 est.)
Area total: 1.95 sq km


land: 1.95 sq km


water: 0 sq km		 total:
less than 5 sq km

land:
less than 5 sq km

water:
0 sq km

note:
includes 100 or so islets, coral reefs, and sea mounts scattered over an area of nearly 410,000 sq km of the central South China Sea
Area - comparative about three times the size of The Mall in Washington, DC NA
Background The Genoese built a fortress on the site of present-day Monaco in 1215. The current ruling Grimaldi family secured control in the late 13th century, and a principality was established in 1338. Economic development was spurred in the late 19th century with a railroad linkup to France and the opening of a casino. Since then, the principality's mild climate, splendid scenery, and gambling facilities have made Monaco world famous as a tourist and recreation center. Rich fishing grounds and the potential for gas and oil deposits have caused this archipelago to be claimed in its entirety by China, Taiwan, and Vietnam, while portions are claimed by Malaysia and the Philippines. All five parties have occupied certain islands or reefs, and occasional clashes have occurred between Chinese and Vietnamese naval forces
Birth rate 9.19 births/1,000 population (2006 est.) -
Budget revenues: $719.2 million


expenditures: $864.1 million; including capital expenditures of $283.1 million (2004)		 -
Capital name: Monaco


geographic coordinates: 43 44 N, 7 25 E


time difference: UTC+1 (6 hours ahead of Washington, DC during Standard Time)


daylight saving time: +1hr, begins last Sunday in March; ends last Sunday in October		 -
Climate Mediterranean with mild, wet winters and hot, dry summers tropical
Coastline 4.1 km 926 km
Constitution 17 December 1962 -
Country name conventional long form: Principality of Monaco


conventional short form: Monaco


local long form: Principaute de Monaco


local short form: Monaco		 conventional long form:
none

conventional short form:
Spratly Islands
Death rate 12.91 deaths/1,000 population (2006 est.) -
Debt - external $18 billion (2000 est.) -
Diplomatic representation from the US the US does not have an embassy in Monaco; the US Consul General in Marseille (France) under the authority of the US ambassador to France is accredited to Monaco -
Diplomatic representation in the US Monaco does not have an embassy in the US


consulate(s) general: New York		 -
Disputes - international none all of the Spratly Islands are claimed by China, Taiwan, and Vietnam; parts of them are claimed by Malaysia and the Philippines; in 1984, Brunei established an exclusive fishing zone that encompasses Louisa Reef in the southern Spratly Islands, but has not publicly claimed the island; in 2000, China joined ASEAN discussions towards creating a South China Sea "code of conduct" - a non-legally binding confidence building measure
Economic aid - recipient $NA -
Economy - overview Monaco, bordering France on the Mediterranean coast, is a popular resort, attracting tourists to its casino and pleasant climate. In 2001, a major construction project extended the pier used by cruise ships in the main harbor. The principality has successfully sought to diversify into services and small, high-value-added, nonpolluting industries. The state has no income tax and low business taxes and thrives as a tax haven both for individuals who have established residence and for foreign companies that have set up businesses and offices. The state retains monopolies in a number of sectors, including tobacco, the telephone network, and the postal service. Living standards are high, roughly comparable to those in prosperous French metropolitan areas. Economic activity is limited to commercial fishing. The proximity to nearby oil- and gas-producing sedimentary basins suggests the potential for oil and gas deposits, but the region is largely unexplored, and there are no reliable estimates of potential reserves; commercial exploitation has yet to be developed.
Electricity - consumption NA kWh -
Electricity - imports NA kWh; note - electricity supplied by France -
Elevation extremes lowest point: Mediterranean Sea 0 m


highest point: Mont Agel 140 m		 lowest point:
South China Sea 0 m

highest point:
unnamed location on Southwest Cay 4 m
Environment - current issues NA NA
Environment - international agreements party to: Air Pollution, Air Pollution-Volatile Organic Compounds, Biodiversity, Climate Change, Desertification, Endangered Species, Hazardous Wastes, Law of the Sea, Marine Dumping, Ozone Layer Protection, Ship Pollution, Wetlands, Whaling


signed, but not ratified: Climate Change-Kyoto Protocol		 -
Ethnic groups French 47%, Monegasque 16%, Italian 16%, other 21% -
Exchange rates euros per US dollar - 0.8041 (2005), 0.8054 (2004), 0.886 (2003), 1.0626 (2002), 1.1175 (2001) -
Executive branch chief of state: Prince ALBERT II (since 6 April 2005)


head of government: Minister of State Jean-Paul PROUST (since 1 June 2005)


cabinet: Council of Government is under the authority of the monarch


elections: none; the monarchy is hereditary; minister of state appointed by the monarch from a list of three French national candidates presented by the French Government		 -
Exports $656.5 million $NA


note: full customs integration with France, which collects and rebates Monegasque trade duties; also participates in EU market system through customs union with France		 -
Fiscal year calendar year -
Flag description two equal horizontal bands of red (top) and white; similar to the flag of Indonesia which is longer and the flag of Poland which is white (top) and red -
GDP - composition by sector agriculture: 17%


industry: NA%


services: NA%		 -
GDP - real growth rate 0.9% (2000 est.) -
Geographic coordinates 43 44 N, 7 24 E 8 38 N, 111 55 E
Geography - note second-smallest independent state in the world (after Holy See); almost entirely urban strategically located near several primary shipping lanes in the central South China Sea; includes numerous small islands, atolls, shoals, and coral reefs
Heliports 1 (2006) -
Household income or consumption by percentage share lowest 10%: NA%


highest 10%: NA%		 -
Imports $636.6 million $NA


note: full customs integration with France, which collects and rebates Monegasque trade duties; also participates in EU market system through customs union with France		 -
Independence 1419 (beginning of the rule by the House of Grimaldi) -
Industrial production growth rate NA% -
Industries tourism, construction, small-scale industrial and consumer products -
Infant mortality rate total: 5.35 deaths/1,000 live births


male: 6.19 deaths/1,000 live births


female: 4.46 deaths/1,000 live births (2006 est.)		 -
Inflation rate (consumer prices) 1.9% (2000) -
International organization participation ACCT, CE, FAO, IAEA, ICAO, ICC, ICCt (signatory), ICRM, IFRCS, IHO, IMO, Interpol, IOC, IPU, ITU, OIF, OPCW, OSCE, UN, UNCTAD, UNESCO, UNIDO, UNITAR, UPU, WHO, WIPO, WMO, WToO -
Irrigated land NA 0 sq km (1993)
Judicial branch Supreme Court or Tribunal Supreme (judges appointed by the monarch on the basis of nominations by the National Council) -
Labor force 41,110


note: includes workers from all foreign countries (2004)		 -
Land boundaries total: 4.4 km


border countries: France 4.4 km		 0 km
Land use arable land: 0%


permanent crops: 0%


other: 100% (urban area) (2005)		 arable land:
0%

permanent crops:
0%

permanent pastures:
0%

forests and woodland:
0%

other:
100%
Languages French (official), English, Italian, Monegasque -
Legal system based on French law; has not accepted compulsory ICJ jurisdiction -
Legislative branch unicameral National Council or Conseil National (24 seats; 16 members elected by list majority system, 8 by proportional representation; to serve five-year terms)


elections: last held 9 February 2003 (next to be held February 2008)


election results: percent of vote by party - NA%; seats by party - UNAM 21, UND 3		 -
Life expectancy at birth total population: 79.69 years


male: 75.85 years


female: 83.74 years (2006 est.)		 -
Literacy definition: age 15 and over can read and write


total population: 99%


male: 99%


female: 99% (2003 est.)		 -
Location Western Europe, bordering the Mediterranean Sea on the southern coast of France, near the border with Italy Southeastern Asia, group of reefs and islands in the South China Sea, about two-thirds of the way from southern Vietnam to the southern Philippines
Map references Europe Southeast Asia
Maritime claims territorial sea: 12 nm NA
Merchant marine registered in other countries: 77 (Bahamas 17, Barbados 1, Bermuda 2, France 1, Georgia 13, Isle of Man 3, Liberia 10, Malta 1, Marshall Islands 8, Norway 4, Panama 9, Saint Kitts and Nevis 1, Saint Vincent and the Grenadines 4, Switzerland 2, unknown 1) (2006) -
Military - note defense is the responsibility of France; the Palace Guard performs ceremonial duties (2003) Spratly Islands consist of more than 100 small islands or reefs, of which about 45 are claimed and occupied by China, Malaysia, the Philippines, Taiwan, and Vietnam
National holiday National Day (Prince of Monaco Holiday), 19 November -
Nationality noun: Monegasque(s) or Monacan(s)


adjective: Monegasque or Monacan		 -
Natural hazards NA typhoons; serious maritime hazard because of numerous reefs and shoals
Natural resources none fish, guano, undetermined oil and natural gas potential
Net migration rate 7.68 migrant(s)/1,000 population (2006 est.) -
Political parties and leaders National and Democratic Union or UND [Guy MAGNAN]; Union for Monaco or UPM (including National Union for the Future of Monaco or UNAM) -
Political pressure groups and leaders NA -
Population 32,543 (July 2006 est.) no indigenous inhabitants

note:
there are scattered garrisons occupied by personnel of several claimant states (July 2001 est.)
Population below poverty line NA% -
Population growth rate 0.4% (2006 est.) -
Ports and harbors - none; offshore anchorage only
Radio broadcast stations AM 1, FM NA, shortwave 8 (1998) -
Religions Roman Catholic 90% -
Sex ratio at birth: 1.05 male(s)/female


under 15 years: 1.05 male(s)/female


15-64 years: 0.97 male(s)/female


65 years and over: 0.69 male(s)/female


total population: 0.91 male(s)/female (2006 est.)		 -
Suffrage 18 years of age; universal -
Telephone system general assessment: modern automatic telephone system


domestic: NA


international: country code - 377; no satellite earth stations; connected by cable into the French communications system		 -
Telephones - main lines in use 33,700 (2002) -
Telephones - mobile cellular 19,300 (2002) -
Television broadcast stations 5 (1998) -
Terrain hilly, rugged, rocky flat
Total fertility rate 1.76 children born/woman (2006 est.) -
Unemployment rate 22% (1999) -
Waterways - none
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